Production process and technology of aluminum products
Aluminum products are a type of material widely used in daily life and industry. Its excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance make it irreplaceable in many fields. The production process and technology of aluminum products are key factors that determine their performance, quality and cost. This article will introduce in detail the production process and technology of aluminum products.
1. Melons
After casting is the first process of aluminum product production. The main processes include batching, smelting and casting. According to the product contract number, calculate the dosage of various alloy components and make a reasonable mix of various raw materials. After that, the prepared raw materials are added to the smelting furnace according to the process requirements, and the mixed residue and gas in the melt are effectively removed through degassing and recovery. Under a certain casting process, the molten aluminum liquid is cooled through a deep well casting system to cool cast rods of various specifications.
2. Squeeze
Extrusion is a method of profile forming. First, a mold is designed and manufactured according to the cross-section of the profile product, and the heated round cast rod is extruded from the mold. The commonly used grade 6063 alloy also uses cold quenching process and subsequent working process to complete heat treatment strengthening during extrusion. The heat treatment systems of different brands of heat treatment are different.
3. Oxidation
The surface strength of extruded aluminum alloy profiles is not high and must be surface treated by anodizing to increase the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and aesthetic appearance of the aluminum. The main process is:
Chemical oxidation: Anodizing is performed in a dilute sulfuric acid solution to form a thin and dense oxide film on the surface of metallic aluminum. The membrane has good corrosion resistance and can achieve a stainless steel-like appearance without the need for staining.
Sandblasting: Using the pressure of a sandblasting machine, high-speed compressed abrasives are shot onto the surface of the aluminum plate to clean and roughen the surface of the aluminum plate to make the subsequent anodized film uniformly rough and enhance its adhesion.
Anodizing: Under an appropriate current density, an aluminum product is used as an anode, and the anode is energized to form an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum product.
Dyeing: After anodizing, the oxide film is usually dyed with dyes to increase its aesthetics.
Sealing: The final step is to seal the dyed oxide film to increase its corrosion and wear resistance.
4. Coloring
The coloring process of aluminum products mainly includes two methods: chemical oxidation coloring and electroplating coloring. Chemical oxidation discoloration is to grow oxide films of different colors on the surface of aluminum products by controlling the potential difference under certain solution conditions; electroplating discoloration is to place metal in a solution containing metal elements, and use the electrochemical reaction of the metal to make it Metal elements are deposited on the surface of aluminum products. Both methods can achieve diverse color effects.
5. Spraying
Spray coating is a process of applying one or more organic or inorganic coatings on the surface of aluminum products to further enhance the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and aesthetics of the aluminum products. The spraying process includes different methods such as spray paint, powder spray, and plastic spray. Among them, spray painting is one of the most commonly used methods. It can form a protective and decorative paint film on the surface of aluminum products; powder spraying can form a layer of highly corrosive powder coating; plastic spraying can be plasticized, and plasticity can be lost. The plastic powder is evenly sprayed on the surface of the aluminum product and heated and melted to form a plastic film.
6. Mechanical processing
For some aluminum products that require precise size and shape, machining is also required. Mechanical processing includes milling, turning, drilling and other processing methods, which can accurately process aluminum products according to design requirements.
